Personality problem: from Socrates to Marx

The problem of the individual in a very general way is how the freedom of an autonomous subject is consistent with its civil status. The work presents the historical development of the above problem starting with the personality of Socrates the reforms of Pericles the socio-political views of Plato and Aristotle through the theory of personality of Augustine to the idea of a universal subject in Marxism. Serious attention is paid to the motives of self-affirmation of the personality and social factors that counteract them. In particular the study of the legal status of the individual was carried out taking into account the Institute of Slavery which was worked out in detail in Roman law. Machiavelli''s views are presented as a retrospective of the theory of social roles which defines the boundaries of the concept of chaos power of the individual. The work may be of interest to postgraduate students and applicants specializing in social philosophy political science sociology law.