<p>Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) was a German philosopher and a proponent of pessimistic philosophy. Deeply cynical of love and the want for children he believed humans are all mere animals - just far more unhappy because of our self-awareness. <p/>The porcupine dilemma is a metaphor about the challenges of human intimacy. Schopenhauer believed that despite our good intentions human intimacy cannot occur without substantial harm. <p/>By adapting famous animal parables the Pocket Philosophy series seeks to introduce inquisitive readers of all ages - from 1 to 100! - to the biggest names in philosophy.</p>