Political experiments in Eastern Europe

Essay from the year 2003 in the subject Politics - Region: Eastern Europe grade: Honours Dublin City University language: English abstract: Despite the fact that during the recent Hungarian plebiscite regarding the country''s accession to the European Union (EU) 83.76 per cent of the votes were in favour of joining the EU the low election turnout of only 44.13 per cent of all Hungarians entitled to vote was considered shameful; an important political and economic decision has been taken with the official approval of only two fifth of the eight million Hungarians with voting rights.1 This and other somewhat disappointing examples raise the question of how committed Eastern Europeans are in terms of forging their own post-communist future. This paper will attempt to analyse the role civil society has played in the democratisation process of the region since 1989. As effects can generally only be properly assessed with a mid- or even long-term perspective looking at isolated events which took place during the last slightly more than thirteen years does not suffice to come to a reliable conclusion about the strength or weakness of civil society. For this reason I will focus in my analysis on tendencies and their possible historical explanation; where possible survey data will be provided which should facilitate a broader understanding of current trends. Since - due to the individual countries'' very distinct historical characteristics - in many instances it does not seem appropriate to evaluate Eastern European civil societies as a whole I will adopt Attila gh''s model differentiating at times between East Central European (ECE) civil society (Poland Czech Republic Slovakia Hungary Slovenia Croatia) and the Balkans civil society (Bulgaria Romania Serbia Macedonia Albania Bosnia) taking into consideration regional similarities (gh 1998: 5). The structure of this paper will be as follows: Firstly I will look at the concepts of civil society i