Polymorphisms in some genes associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. This leads to dysfunctional regulation of blood glucose levels in T1DM patients. The destruction of β -cells of Langerhans islets is caused by infiltration of dendritic cells macrophages and T lymphocytes. Normally genetic susceptibility (association) studies depend on assessing the role of genotype markers (typically SNPs) in the susceptibility to the disease of interest in a case- control or family based sample. Many genes associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus CTLA-4 PTPN22 IL-10 IL-18 VIT-D receptor are one of the common confirmed T1DM susceptibility genes