Poverty and destitution continue to be pervasive in development. Recent surveys have revealed that in Tanzania over fifty percent of the population still live in poverty and about one-tenth of the households are severely undernourished. In response to the world-wide growing concerns about poverty and since sustainable poverty reduction continues to be one of Tanzania's major development goals a long term research programme in Tanzania is proposed. A workshop as a first step was held in 1994 intended to establish consensus over the selected theme and sub-themes and to discuss and establish a broad-based but focused research agenda. The seven papers from the workshop form this book.