PROBIOTICS IN FISH CULTIVATION

Aquaculture also known as fish farming is the controlled production and harvesting of aquatic organisms in various ecosystems. This includes a diverse range of aquatic organisms including finfish shellfish amphibians algae and plants. Aquaculture contributes significantly to poverty reduction and natural resource conservation. Aquaculture makes a significant contribution to the global economy and food security. More than 500000 fish and shell people are employed (full-time part-time or occasional) and an estimated 600 million people depend on fisheries and aquaculture for a living (FAO 2022). Probiotics are defined asorganisms and substances that contribute to intestinal microbial balance in their original definition. Probiotics were developed and applied in aquaculture for environmental and consumer health reasons. A probiotic is a bacterial supplement containing one or more cultures of specific non-pathogenic bacterial strains. Probiotics contain a diverse range of live microorganisms such as yeasts photosynthetic bacteria lactic acid bacteria and various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. When added in sufficient quantities to ponds or tanks.