(QUICK BOOK) Constitutional Law

Drishti IAS: Your Gateway to Success in Competitive Exams.Constitutional FrameworkSupremacy Clause: Establishes that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land.Federalism: Division of power between the federal and state governments.2. Branches of GovernmentLegislative Branch: Makes laws (Congress).Executive Branch: Enforces laws (President).Judicial Branch: Interprets laws (Supreme Court and lower courts).3. Bill of RightsFirst ten amendments that protect individual liberties (e.g. freedom of speech religion assembly).4. Judicial ReviewThe power of courts to declare laws or actions unconstitutional (established in Marbury v. Madison).5. Key Constitutional PrinciplesSeparation of Powers: Each branch has distinct powers and responsibilities.Checks and Balances: Each branch can limit the powers of the others.Due Process: Ensures fair treatment under the law (5th and 14th Amendments).6. Important Amendments1st Amendment: Freedom of speech religion press assembly and petition.2nd Amendment: Right to bear arms.4th Amendment: Protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.14th Amendment: Equal protection and due process under the law.