Rainfall-Runoff Modelling

Rainfall-runoff modeling is a crucial component of watershed hydrology that aims to simulate the transformation of rainfall into surface runoff. This process helps in understanding the hydrological behaviour of a watershed and supports effective water resources management flood forecasting and soil conservation planning. Different hydrological models represent this complex interaction between precipitation land surface and subsurface processes. These models vary in their data requirements complexity and physical representation of hydrological processes. Descriptions of different ranges of rainfall and runoff model from conceptual model such as AWBM Simhyd Tank to fully physical based model such as MIKE-SHE is provided. Model calibration and validation along with sensitivity analysis are crucial modelling process. Ensemble modelling approach is also adopted for improving the accuracy of runoff coefficient. In science-based watershed management a broad understanding of the methodology for utilizing modeling skills is extremely important.