Reversing Sail

The experiences of Africans in the Old World--the Mediterranean and Islamic worlds is followed by their movement into the New where their plight in lands claimed by Portuguese Spanish Dutch French and English colonial powers is analyzed from enslavement through the Cold War. Particular attention is paid to the everyday lives of the working classes and their cultural development. Their exploits challenges and struggles are covered over a broad time frame that links as well as differentiates past and present circumstances.