RIDDLE IN HINDUISM

Ambedkar begins by highlighting the contradictory nature of Hindu scriptures such as the Vedas Upanishads and Smritis which are often considered sacred. He points out how these texts simultaneously promote ideas of universal truth and justice while endorsing practices like caste discrimination and untouchability. Ambedkar critiques the lack of coherence in Hindu philosophy noting how different texts and traditions contradict one another making Hinduism a fragmented and inconsistent system. One of the central themes of the book is the oppressive nature of the caste system which Ambedkar argues is deeply rooted in Hindu religious ideology. He demonstrates how scriptures like Manu Smriti explicitly endorse caste-based discrimination relegating certain groups to perpetual servitude and denying them basic human dignity. He also critiques the concept of karma and rebirth which he views as tools for justifying social inequality and maintaining the status quo. Ambedkar’s analysis culminates in a call for social and religious reform emphasizing that Hinduism in its traditional form cannot serve as a basis for equality or justice in modern India. He challenges Hindus to confront these contradictions and rethink their religious practices. For Ambedkar the solution lies in adopting a rational egalitarian framework such as the teachings of Buddhism which he believes align more closely with the principles of liberty equality and fraternity. Riddle in Hinduism serves as a bold critique of a system that according to Ambedkar perpetuates injustice and hinders progress.