Road transport in Ivory Coast

Before its independence Côte d'Ivoire had only a small-scale public transport service. Since 1960 under the impetus of its first president Félix Houphouët-Boigny the country has developed infrastructure and a quality and quantity of road transport fleets making it one of the largest and most viable in West Africa. However in view of the demographic explosion and the galloping urbanization of the city of Abidjan the problem of the mobility of the populations will be posed with acuteness to which private initiatives first the gbakas and then the wôrô-wôrô will bring a beginning of answer by ensuring the intra and inter communal services. This change in the face of land transport in Abidjan will enable this sector to perform important social and economic functions. From then on it will give rise to a phenomenon whose manifestations are both sources of urban violence and future conflicts: the gnambro phenomenon. How did this happen? Who are the gnambros? Was this phenomenon predictable?