Laser technology for hard tissue application and soft tissue surgery is at a high state of refinement having had several decades of development up to the present time and further improvements can occur. The field of laser-based photochemical reactions holds great promise for additional applications particularly for targeting specific cells pathogens or molecules. A further area of future growth is expected to be a combination of diagnostic and therapeutic laser techniques. Looking to the future it is expected that specific laser technologies will become essential components of contemporary dental practice over the next decade.