ROLE OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN PERIODONTAL HEALTH AND DISEASE

Nutrition is vital to human growth development and life maintenance and as such is also important to oral health. The three essential macronutrients which provide the basic materials for building biological structures and for producing energy required for all physiological and biochemical processes are proteins carbohydrates and lipids. Additionally about 18 micronutrients comprised of minerals and vitamins facilitate the optimal utilization of macronutrients via their role in the catalysis of numerous biochemical processes in the enhancement of their bioavailability and absorption and in the balancing of the microbiome.Periodontal diseases are oral multifactorial immunological diseases induced by oral microorganisms. Balanced nutrition plays a major role in maintaining the symbiosis between oral microbiota and periodontal health.