Routing in wireless sensor networks

Data routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a major challenge given the constraints of energy management and limited node resources. These networks are widely used in fields as diverse as environmental monitoring healthcare and home automation requiring optimized routing protocols to guarantee reliability coverage and low energy consumption. This study analyzes the challenges of routing in WSNs and explores different approaches to improving the efficiency of existing protocols. It highlights the impact of routing strategies on energy consumption and transmission quality particularly in demanding applications.