Skeuomorphic or flat?

This paper examines the effects of metaphor design in interface design on user experience. Minimalist flat design is contrasted with realistic skeuomorphic design.The comparison takes into account the age of the users. It is assumed that older users have more experience with the analogue models of metaphors and that due to the mere exposure effect more realistic representations lead to a better user experience for older users. A study with 24 participants showed that there is an interaction between the age of the user and the type of design with regard to various elements of the user experience: while older users have a more positive user experience with skeuomorphic design of metaphors younger users prefer flat minimalist design. However it also became apparent that older users are not fundamentally averse to modern flat design but lack the habit of using it.