Social Justice and the German Labour Market

The neoliberal transformation of welfare state institutions has intensified social inequalities raising questions of social justice across European varieties of capitalism. In Germany this transformation occurred with Third Way social democracy and the consequent Hartz reforms. After ten years of reducing unemployment this ‘Hartz Regime’ is now cited as a model for reforming other European political economies. Despite this apparent success it has also received criticism for exacerbating the social injustices of neoliberal capitalism ultimately leading to the question: how do we know if the German Hartz Regime is socially just? <BR /><BR />Drawing on the Frankfurt School of critical theory this study demonstrates not only how to develop a theory of social justice for empirically studying labour market institutions but also illustrates it through an extensive study of the German case. The result is both unsurprising and reinforces classical social democratic concerns: not only the Hartz Regime but capitalism itself is inherently unjust. By accepting this previously recognised conclusion the book provides a critical framework for the normative evaluation of empirical institutions effective for studying the varieties of social (in)justice in contemporary capitalism beyond Germany.