<p>Structural health monitoring (SHM) and non-destructive testing (NDT) have gained significant importance for civil mechanical aerospace and offshore structures. Nowadays we can find SHM and NDT applications being used on various structures with very different requirements. However the practical implementation of strategies for the detection of structural damage to real structures outside of laboratory conditions is always one of the most demanding tasks for engineers. Moreover the processing and interpretation of the massive amount of data generated through the long-term monitoring of large and complex structures (e.g. bridges buildings ships aircrafts wind turbines pipes etc.) has become an emerging challenge that needs to be addressed by the community. This Topic brings together the most established as well as newly emerging SHM and NDT approaches that can be used for the detection and evaluation of defects and damage development in large-scale or full-scale structures. After a strict peer-review process 44 papers were published which represent the most recent progress of SHM and NDT methods/techniques for aerospace civil mechanical and offshore infrastructures.</p>