Structure and Properties of Lengthy Rails after Extreme Long-Term Operation: 106 (Materials Research Foundations)

The long-term operation of rails has been studied with focus on (1) the formation and behavior of structural-phase states and nanoscale structures (2) the modelling of the processes occurring in the surface layers of rails under severe plastic deformation and (3) the methods and techniques for assessing the structural and phase states of rails internal stresses and their evolution during the life cycle. The book references 264 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading.Keywords: Long Rails Long-term Operation Transmission Electron Microscopy Steel Differentiated Hardening Structural Phase States Nanoscale Structures Wear Deformation Effects Recrystallization Segregation Homogenization Relaxation Phase Transitions Phase Decomposition Amorphization Sintering Filling of Micro- and Nanopores Nanocapillaries Severe Plastic Deformation Megaplastic Deformation.