The Black Panther Party: A Guide to an American Subculture (Guides to Subcultures and Countercultures)

In a time when African Americans widespread tactic of direct nonviolent protest was seen as the most effective way to fight for racial justice the Black Panthers confrontational style and critiques of local law enforcement throughout the nation defied both civil rights orthodoxy and white authority. The Black Panther Party: A Guide to an American Subculture situates the Black Panther Party within the shifting political terrain of the African American freedom struggle of the late 1960s and early 1970s. In an era when African Americans were assumed to have secured their basic constitutional rights the Black Panther Party stood firm to remind black people and the nation that despite the gains of the Civil Rights Movement social economic and political equality had not been achieved for large segments of African Americans and that more needed to be done locally and nationally. Organized geographically the book examines Black Panther Party chapters and affiliates throughout the United States. It covers the Panthers most important developments and challenges paying particular attention to local realities as they varied throughout the nation—from Oakland California to New Haven Connecticut.