The Cultural Aspects: Ethnic Groups of Jharkhand - Part-1

This research explores the cultural social and historical dimensions of sixteen indigenous communities in India—Asur Baiga Banjara Bathudi Bediya Binjhia Birjia Birhor Lohar Mahli Baraik Chero Gond Gorait Karmali and Kharwar Tribes. These tribes primarily located in the central and eastern regions of India have rich traditions and play crucial roles in environmental sustainability yet they face marginalization due to modernity and systemic exclusion. The study examines their distinct cultural identities based on traditional livelihoods agricultural practices rituals and festivals. It highlights their sustainable practices such as agroforestry and biodiversity conservation emphasizing their vital role in preserving local ecosystems. The research also investigates the socio-economic challenges these communities face including land displacement loss of traditional resources and the erosion of cultural practices due to industrialization and urbanization. A key focus is the impact of state policies development projects and modernization which have often undermined these communities' cultural heritage and economic well-being. The research highlights how these policies have led to displacement and identity crises particularly among the younger generation. Despite these challenges the communities have shown resilience and resistance through grassroots movements advocacy and efforts to preserve their culture. The study aims to document their struggles aspirations and contributions to India's cultural diversity while advocating for inclusive development that respects and preserves indigenous rights and traditions.