In 1872 Jacob Burckhardt one of the preeminent historians of classical and Renaissance culture presented this revolutionary work which portrays ancient Greek culture as an aristocratic world based on a ruthless competition for honor a competition that led in turn to a tyranous state with minimal personal freedoms. Burckhardt''s landmark project the culmination of thirty years of scholarlship by leading Oxford historian Oswyn Murray offers a rich cultural history of a fascinating society.