The Importance of Being Earnest A Trivial Comedy for Serious People

Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 - 30 November 1900) was an Irish poet and playwright. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s he became one of the most popular playwrights in London in the early 1890s.As a spokesman for aestheticism he tried his hand at various literary activities: he published a book of poems lectured in the United States and Canada on the new English Renaissance in Art and interior decoration and then returned to London where he worked prolifically as a journalist. Known for his biting wit flamboyant dress and glittering conversational skill Wilde became one of the best-known personalities of his day. At the turn of the 1890s he refined his ideas about the supremacy of art in a series of dialogues and essays and incorporated themes of decadence duplicity and beauty into what would be his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890). The opportunity to construct aesthetic details precisely and combine them with larger social themes drew Wilde to write drama. He wrote Salome (1891) in French while in Paris but it was refused a license for England due to an absolute prohibition on the portrayal of Biblical subjects on the English stage. Unperturbed Wilde produced four society comedies in the early 1890s which made him one of the most successful playwrights of late-Victorian London.At the height of his fame and success while The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was still being performed in London Wilde prosecuted the Marquess of Queensberry for criminal libel. The Marquess was the father of Wildes lover Lord Alfred Douglas. The libel trial unearthed evidence that caused Wilde to drop his charges and led to his own arrest and trial for gross indecency with men. After two more trials he was convicted and sentenced to two years hard labor the maximum penalty and was jailed from 1895 to 1897. During his last year in prison he wrote De Profundis (published posthumously in 1905) a long letter that discusses his spiritual journey through his trials forming a dark counterpoint to his earlier philosophy of pleasure. On his release he left immediately for France and never returned to Ireland or Britain. There he wrote his last work The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898) a long poem commemorating the harsh rhythms of prison life.The Importance of Being Earnest A Trivial Comedy for Serious People is a play by Oscar Wilde. First performed on 14 February 1895 at the St Jamess Theatre in London it is a farcical comedy in which the protagonists maintain fictitious personae to escape burdensome social obligations. Working within the social conventions of late Victorian London the plays major themes are the triviality with which it treats institutions as serious as marriage and the resulting satire of Victorian ways. Some contemporary reviews praised the plays humor and the culmination of Wildes artistic career while others were cautious about its lack of social messages. Its high farce and witty dialogue have helped make The Importance of Being Earnest Wildes most enduringly popular play.After his release from prison he published the play from exile in Paris but he wrote no more comic or dramatic works.The Importance of Being Earnest has been revived many times since its premiere. It has been adapted for the cinema on three occasions. In The Importance of Being Earnest (1952) Dame Edith Evans reprised her celebrated interpretation of Lady Bracknell; The Importance of Being Earnest (1992) by Kurt Baker used an all-black cast; and Oliver Parkers The Importance of Being Earnest (2002) incorporated some of Wildes original material cut during the preparation of the original stage production.