The Mobile Genetic Element: Nature Existence and Evolutionary Insight

Transposons are mobile genetic elements possess capability to change their position involving mechanisms; copy and paste including RNA intermediate (Retrotransposons Class I) or cut and paste without involving RNA intermediate (Class II) or by creating additional copy by simple replication (Replicative transposons) or as Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements (MITS). Furthermore autonomous: which can move by themselves or non-autonomous which need assistance of other transposons. The existence of transposons has been speculated in viruses prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome. Subsequent to insertion of transposons to a gene there could be no effect or complete functional loss or altered expression and hence variations or changed developmental pattern or ultimately evolution but sometime due to transposons various genetic diseases including hemophilia A and B severe combined immunodeficiency porphyria duchenne muscular dystrophy cancer and developmental abnormalities also occur.