The oncogenic and tumor suppressive roles of microRNAs and Tmor

Micro-ribonucleic acids (Micro-RNA) are non-coding ribonucleic acids with a length of 18-25 nucleotides which are evolutionarily conserved. Micro-RNAs control post-transcriptional gene expression through messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or inhibition of their transcription. These molecular structures participate in the control of cellular physiological and pathological processes as well as many of which can act as oncogenes or tumor inhibitors; therefore mutations in these open reading frames (ORFs) can lead to cancer. Identifying micro-RNAs and their target molecules provide a clear horizon to identify cancer-related pathways; thus these compounds can be used as potential biomarkers to diagnose predict and treat cancer.