The role of insulin and insulin signaling in eye growth regulation

Starting from the first stages of embryogenesis and continuing afterwards most body parts are programmed to achieve a certain size and shape. The eye shares a similar homeostatic mechanism but in addition it needs vision as input to growth control (Wallman and Winawer 2004). However for still unknown reason the eye often grows too long and becomes myopic this way (shortsighted) or it does not grow long enough and consequently gets hyperopic (farsighted).