Waldenses 1170-1530

The Waldenses, like the Franciscans, emerged from the apostolic movements within the Latin Church of the decades around 1200, but unlike the Franciscans they were driven underground. Not a full counter-Church, like the Cathar heretics, they formed a clandestine religious order, preaching to and hearing the confessions of their secret followers, and surviving until the Reformation. This volume begins by surveying modern historiography. Then, using both inquisition records from the Baltic to the Alps and the Waldenses' own books, the author deals with the asceticism of the Waldensian order, its practice of poverty and medicine, the culture of the Brothers and the preaching of the Waldensian Sisters, the way both used and mythicised history to support their position, and the composition of their followers. The final chapters examine their origins and authorship of the inquisitors' texts, and look through them to see how inquisitors viewed the Waldenses. Contents: Introduction; Historiography: The Waldenses in the 14th and 15th centuries: the current state of knowledge; The historiography of medieval heresy in the United States of America and Great Britain, 1945-1992; The medieval waldenses: Curate infirmos: the medieval Waldensian practice of medicine; Multum ieiunantes et se castigantes: medieval Waldensian asceticism; Medieval Waldensian abhorrence of killing pre-c.1400; Poverty and money: Thesaurus absconditus: the treasure of the medieval Waldensians; German money and medieval heresy: the wealth of the German Waldenses; The Waldensian sisters: The preaching of the Waldensian Sisters; Waldensian culture and writing: The oral and the written: the case of the Alpine Waldensians; The Topos and reality of the heretic as illitteratus; Medieval Waldensians' construction of the past; The Liber Electorum; Inquisitors’ texts: The De vita et actibus pauperum de Lugduno; The 1391 lists of Waldensian magistri: three further manuscripts; The anti-Waldensian treatise Cum dormirent homines of 1395 and its author; Waldenses in German-speaking areas in the later 14th century: the view of an inquisitor; Indexes.