This book explores conservative pulp therapies in mature permanent teeth through a clear synthesis of biological foundations modern diagnostics and evidence-based clinical strategies. Combining molecular biology innovations in biomaterials and validated surgical protocols it highlights the transition to contemporary endodontics focused on tissue preservation. Richly illustrated it is intended for students practitioners and teachers seeking a reasoned minimally invasive and long-lasting approach to deep caries. A reference guide for integrating biology into clinical practice to promote pulp vitality.