Thyroid Disease

<p><span style=color: rgba(23 43 77 1)>This Reprint presents novel developments in thyroid disease diagnosis and treatment addressing both common and rare thyroid conditions. The collection emphasizes the evolution from traditional imaging-based assessments toward personalized multi-parameter approaches that integrate patient demographics molecular markers and advanced technologies. Key contributions explore enhanced risk stratification methods for thyroid nodules incorporating age gender and clinical variables alongside sonographic features to improve diagnostic precision. This Reprint examines shifting epidemiological patterns in thyroid cancer revealing demographic changes and evolving disease presentations over the past two decades.</span></p><p><span style=color: rgba(23 43 77 1)>Treatment innovations highlight refined radioiodine approaches for managing both benign goiter and differentiated thyroid cancer. Novel redifferentiation strategies targeting molecular pathways offer promising alternatives for patients with radioiodine-refractory disease. New developments in thyroid cancer biomarkers have resolved several longstanding analytical problems with improved assays offering greater reliability and enhanced monitoring options. The Reprint also addresses specialized topics encompassing pregnancy considerations in autoimmune thyroid disorders and surgical management strategies for uncommon conditions such as thyroid hormone resistance.</span></p>