The novel is set in 14th-century Italy and centers around the life and exploits of Castruccio Castracani a real historical figure who was a military leader and Duke of Lucca. Valperga blends historical fact with fiction illustrating Shelley's ability to weave complex characters and intricate plots within a meticulously researched historical framework. Volume 1 of Valperga introduces readers to Castruccio's rise to power his political and military ambitions and his complex relationships including with the fictional heroine Euthanasia who embodies the spirit of the titular Valperga a castle and a symbol of resistance and idealism.